No matter your age or income level, everyone should consider basic estate planning. A well-crafted estate plan provides privacy and control over your assets, secures your legacy, and most importantly, ensures your wishes are honored and your loved ones are cared for.

Join David Shapiro in this week’s Better Money Boston with WCVB Channel 5 as he breaks down the four essential elements of a solid estate plan.

Will: Who Gets What

The most fundamental part of an estate plan is a will: a legal document that outlines how you want your property and assets distributed after your death. While your retirement accounts may already have beneficiary designations, your will addresses other important concerns, such as what happens to your property, vehicle, and other personal belongings. A will provides clear direction for how you want these assets handled, ensuring your wishes are known and followed.

Trust: How It’s Managed

You may also consider a trust for more comprehensive and flexible management of your estate, both during and after your lifetime. Depending on your specific estate planning needs, establishing a trust can serve several purposes and be a valuable investment of your time and effort.

A trust can provide greater control based on your values, potentially reduce probate costs and estate taxes, and let you decide how and when your assets are distributed — whether monthly or at certain ages. Regardless of who serves as your trustee, they must follow the guidelines you’ve set forth in your plan.

Power of Attorney: Financial Control

When life takes an unexpected turn, it’s essential to have key decisions already in place. A power of attorney (POA) grants someone you trust, such as a close relative or lawyer, the legal authority to manage your financial decisions if you’re unable to do so.

Whether due to an accident, illness, or long-term care situation, this key document eliminates uncertainty and ensures the right person is empowered to act on your behalf when it matters most. Without a POA, certain legal actions may no longer be an option.

Healthcare Directive: Medical Decisions

If you experience a serious illness or cognitive decline, your loved ones shouldn’t be left guessing about your wishes. A healthcare directive allows you to appoint a health care proxy or agent to make important medical decisions on your behalf. Having these conversations early, and putting your decisions in writing, ensures your voice will be heard and respected.

Together, your will, trust, power of attorney, and healthcare directive form the foundation of a comprehensive and well-crafted estate plan. By getting your affairs in order now, you can help shield your loved ones from having to make difficult financial or medical decisions during an already challenging time.